… to significantly improve nicotine vaccine immunogenicity by a combination of safe cutaneous
… nicotine entry. ► We present a novel strategy to improve nicotine vaccine immunogenicity. …

… slow adjuvant release rate induced a significantly higher anti-… (21,24,27) Therefore, in this
study, blood was collected from … The safety of NanoNicVac with different adjuvant release rates …

… adjuvant in the vaccine formulation or using sufficiently high … in tobacco plants (Nicotiana
benthamiana) for injectable … the safety and immunogenicity of a large number of intradermal …

… to vaccination or passive immunization if the long-term safety … to use strong or experimental
adjuvants that are not suitable … It is likely that sufficiently immunogenic nicotine vaccines will …

… adjuvant delivery system using particle assembly strategies for use as an intranasal nicotine
vaccine… , it was the conjugate nicotine vaccine that produced the highest levels of IL-β from …

… with these vaccines formulated with Freund's adjuvant was … higher antibody titres than those
obtained with the vaccine … safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of the NicQb vaccine in …

… adjuvants with a good local safety to boost intradermal … Although intradermal delivery
improves vaccine immunogenicity, the … adjuvant was found to also enhance intradermal nicotine …

… improving the immunogenicity of nicotine vaccine candidates … that MPL can be used safely
to induce strong specific mucosal … as a nicotine hapten carrier and MPL as an adjuvant to test …

… yellow fever) or intradermally [eg bacillus … vaccines tend to be less immunogenic than when
they are present on the surface of a pathogen, thus they require the inclusion of an adjuvant …

… anti-nicotine vaccines that utilize nicotine-derived haptens … , especially when a delivery system
such as an aluminum salt is … candidate vaccines not just on ability to induce high antibody …